连词
如but, and,
例：In the past, populations were partly regulated by frequent war and widespread disease, but in recent years the effects of those factors have been diminished. (并列句中的连词)
段落开始： But how should it be achieved? ( 连词放句首)
介词
如before, despite：
例：Before talking about the essential role of death penalty, you have to think about the meaning, and the purpose, of any kind of punishment.
副词
However, therefore
例：In many places today, children start primary school at around the age of six or seven. However, because it is more likely now that both parents work, there is little opportunities for children to stay in their own home up to that age.( 副词另起一句)
The crime rate is increasingly high; therefore, the government needs to enforce more laws to curb this situation. ( 副词在并列句中)
短语
如on the contrary, in addition
例：They feel this is one area of life where they have the right to make decisions for themselves. For that reason, it would seem that the best approach would be work by persuasion rather than compulsion.
The government plays a crucial role in scientific research; on the other hand, private companies hold certain advantages in conducting scientific research. ( 短语在并列句中)
因果关系
根据词性及用法可归结于:
1. because / since/ as / for, so (连词),
2. because of/ due to / owing to/ as a result of (介词)
3. for that reason/as a result/ therefore/ accordingly (短语和副词)
例：I think the amount of waste produced is also as a result of our tendency to use sth once and throw it away. （可代替词汇because of/ due to / owing to）
转折关系
根据词性及用法可归结于
1. but/ while/ yet/ whereas(连词)
2. however/ nonetheless/ nevertheless/ on the other hand （副词和短语）
3. rather/ instead （副词）
4. rather than/ instead of （介词）
例：Because it is more likely now that both parents work, there is little opportunity for children to stay in their own home to 6 or 7. Instead, they will probably go to a nursery school when they are much younger. （可代替词汇 rather）
My own view is that there is no one major influence in a person’s life. Instead, the traits we inherit from our parents and the situations and experiences that we encounter in life are constantly interacting. (考官钟爱词汇)
递进关系
1. moreover/ what’s more/ furthermore/ besides/ in addition (副词)
2. in addition to/ besides/ apart from （介词）
例: Apart from these tensions caused by cultural differences, international tourism may also lead to conflicts between tourists and a local community. (可代替词汇：in addition to, besides)
让步关系
1. although/ though/ even though/ even if/while (连词)
2. in spite of/ despite （介词）
3. no matter how/when/ what （连词）
例： In spite of this, the obvious benefits of computer skills for young children cannot be denied.
They are allowed to buy whatever they want, no matter how much it cost (考官高分句式)
翻看考官范文，我们发现当中有些副词（最典型为 for example, however, therefore）放在句子中间，前后用逗号隔开，这种句式也是相当的经典。例如：
There is, however, another problem way of defining that part of the quotation.
I think, therefore, that governments need to raise this awareness in the general public.
They will, for example, be able to fly planes and they will be able to co-ordinate the movements of several planes in the vicinity of an airport.
